Days: 7 days

Time: August

Per capita: 12000 yuan

With whom: husband and wife

Play: shopping, with the group, luxury, photography, train, save money, food, humanities, petty bourgeoisie, food forest

The author went to these places

Russia

Tverskaya Street

Pushkin Square

Moscow Grand Theatre

Moscow River

Sparrow mountain

New saint convent

The Kremlin

Moscow University

Victory Square

Triumphal Arch

Sergeyev town

Red Square

National Museum of history

Tomb of Lenin

Chinatown

Kazansky Sobor

Museum of the war of defending China in 1812

Alexander Garden

Tomb of the unknown martyr

Cathedral Square

Church of the twelve apostles

Ivan the great bell tower

Assumption Cathedral

Cathedral of the Annunciation

Angel Cathedral

water tower

Cathedral of Christ the Savior

Moscow Metro

Revolution square

arbat street

Pushkin House Museum

Bleeding Cathedral

Orthodox Church

Saint Isaac's Cathedral

Nevsky Prospect

St Isaac's Square

Bronze Knight

Decembrists Square

Summer Palace

Yekaterina Palace

Black Sea

Fort Peter Paul

Winter Palace

Peter and Paul Cathedral

Sphinx

Cruiser Avril

Alexander pillar

Russian Museum

Baoxi Bridge

Anichekov Bridge

Huangcun

Huangcun middle school

Published on 15:06, March 10, 2015

My friends have always warned me that if you plan to go to Russia and can't speak Russian, you must follow the tour group. Because in Russia, there is no other language for communication except Russian. What about me? I can only speak Chinese, and I have little requirements for food, accommodation and transportation, so I've been choosing my favorite travel agency. After a trip to Taiwan with Ctrip, I felt that the quality and professional level of the tour leader and tour guide were high, the service was comfortable and reliable, and the number of group members was small. Unlike some travel agencies, there were 30 or 40 people in a group, and there were a large group of people everywhere, so I chose to join Ctrip's Russian tour group.

As the Russian tourism boom in Shenzhen has passed, we have been unable to reach the number of group members from early May to early July. During this period, we also changed a group, and it was not until July 15 that we were able to form a group. On the morning of August 1, under the leadership of our leader, director Zhang, our Party of 16 arrived at the Hong Kong International Airport via Shekou Ferry and prepared to take a Russian flight to Moscow.

Russian air stewardess are generally older, wearing fiery red dresses, which is similar to the hot climate outside the cabin; The stewardess were dressed in white shirts and black waistcoats. They were all handsome and sunny young men. Relatively speaking, I feel that Russian flight attendants are friendly and warm to Chinese people. Unlike other airline flight attendants, they often pretend that they don't understand the service. In addition, the two meals on the plane are also good, specially with rice.

(the air Russia stewardess is older and has a good service attitude)

(rice on Russian Airlines)

The plane took off at 11:30 on time, flying for about 10 hours, and arrived in Moscow at 5:30 p.m. local time. Almost all the Chinese tour groups waiting for customs clearance in the customs hall, but the speed of Russian verification is still very fast. We passed the customs in more than ten minutes. Han Dao, the local assistant who picked up the plane, was a Chinese student majoring in finance and accounting. He looked very young. In fact, he had been in Moscow for seven or eight years. While introducing the situation, director Han led everyone to leave the airport quickly.

(customs hall of Moscow Airport)

There are many cars in Moscow, but drivers are polite to each other, unlike in China, people often jump in line; Maybe it's because of the vast area and the large coverage of trees, and the fog and haze around the city didn't appear to cover the sky. Our tour bus stops and goes all the way, entering the downtown area of Moscow in the explanation of Han Dao. Moscow's streets are wide, with tall buildings on both sides. Although the style is not as fashionable as that in China, it seems solid and has a strong sense of time. There are squares and sculptures on the street from time to time. Director Han is busy introducing them all the way, while I try my best to photograph them. Judging from the itinerary of the tour group, we have no chance to visit these places. Thanks to the serious traffic jam in Moscow, we can enjoy the scenery like a tour bus.

There are many cars on the streets of Moscow, but they drive politely

Go to the hotel

On the left side of the road, a figure sculpture, wearing armor, riding on a war horse, waving his hand majestically, like commanding a thousand troops, is the founder of Moscow City - Archduke Yuri. Han Dao said that the reason why Yuri long arm is called long arm is not only because he has a long arm, but also because he is a very aggressive politician. Yuri came to Moscow in 1147 ad. in 1156 ad, in order to resist foreign enemies, he built a Moscow castle, and then after continuous expansion, he got the present scale, 1147 A.D. is regarded as the date of the birth of Moscow.

(Mayakovsky Metro Station)

(Pushkin Plaza)

(statue of Archduke Yuri)

Along with the topic, Han Dao asked everyone, why can Russia change from a small Grand Duchy to a country across Eurasia today? One sentence really knocked us down, so Han Dao, from Genghis Khan's sons, gave a rough account of how Russia got rid of the Golden Horde rule, crossed the Ural Mountains and was close to Asia, and finally finished the history of Siberian expansion. Of course, he did not forget to remind you that it was the Russians who annexed tangnuwulianghai area in Northwest China's Outer Mongolia in 1944 and planned Outer Mongolia's independence in 1945. It can be said that the Russians took over Genghis Khan's territory and heritage. In order to fight for the right to go to sea, Russia attacked from the east to the West and occupied from the south to the north; He once defeated Napoleon in history; He defeated Hitler, so he called Russia "fighting nation". I admire Han Dao. He is a graduate student majoring in accounting. He has a good command of the past and the present. It's really daunting!

(Moscow Grand Theatre)

(via staraya Square)

(a glimpse of staraya Square)

(Muscovite after work)

(turn into Moscow riverbank Street)

(passing by artist apartment, one of Stalin style buildings)

The car turns around the Moscow Grand Theatre, staraya square, passes through the Moscow riverbank street, passes by the artist apartment, one of the "Seven Sisters", and arrives at the Holiday Inn Moscow Simonovsky, which is 7:30 p.m. local time. The hotel is close to the Moscow River and is very close to the downtown. Since the tour group didn't provide dinner today and put away our luggage, we decided to go to the supermarket nearby and buy some food and mineral water by the way.

(reception hall of Holiday Inn Simonovsky)

(complex on the side of Holiday Inn Simonovsky)

In August, the temperature in Moscow is quite high, but it's not as cool and humid as in Shenzhen. In the evening, it's cool and windy, and pedestrians are sparse. It's very pleasant to walk on the broad avenue without crowds. The supermarket is about 5 minutes away from the hotel. It's just next to the subway station. On the way, I passed a small market of fruits and vegetables. There are many varieties, but the price is not close to the people. The eggplant is about 5.5 yuan / kg, and the apple is about 9 yuan / kg. From the underpass across the road, we come to the supermarket. The supermarket occupies a small space. Later, we know that the size of Russian supermarkets is the same. Unlike the large number of people in China, the space is mostly not enough. We bought two pieces of bread, two bottles of mineral water, four fresh tomatoes and an ice cream in the supermarket. The total cost was 250 rubles, equivalent to 45.5 yuan.

(Moscow's streets are wide and few people walk)

(street post office)

(appearance of new residential area)

(street fruit stand)

(corner of supermarket)

Sparrow mountain

On August 2, I had a buffet breakfast in the hotel. The bread was delicious, but there was no porridge, so I had to replace it with milk. After a short rest, we will gather and set out for today's first target scenic spot, Mt. sparrow（ Воробьёвы горы）。

Mt. sparrow is to the southwest of our hotel. It's only ten kilometers on the map, but the Moscow road is wide, but there are too many vehicles. It took us 40 minutes to get there. In the morning, there are not many tourists, and most of them are foreign tourists. Therefore, the viewing platform has a place for us to watch and take photos. This is the highest place in Moscow. On the southwest side of the road is the forest, and on the northeast side is the valley. A platform above the valley is built with fence, which is the natural viewing platform. The slope of the viewing platform is covered by dense woods. The Moscow river flows slowly down the slope. The huge circular white building on the other side of the river is the Moscow Olympic central stadium. From here, you can have a panoramic view of the Moscow River and the urban area of Moscow. It's a pity that the thin haze shrouds the sky, and Moscow can't hold the cars!

(opposite the street is the mahque mountain viewing platform)

(mahque mountain viewing platform)

(Moscow in the haze)

I saw several foreign tourists walking around a telescope to see how the telescope was used and charged. But when they came near, they left and watched closely. I was overjoyed when I saw it. In the camera, the red wall was reflected in the green trees, and several clusters of "onions" with golden and silver roofs were shining in the sun. It turned out that this is Moscow's new saint's convent. According to the geographical location, the camera was scanned towards the rear of the central stadium, and finally the figure of the Kremlin clock tower was found in the heavy haze. But even with the help of this high-power telescope, you can't see clearly in the fog. In my opinion, the time to visit Mt. sparrow should be arranged in the afternoon. At that time, the setting sun will slant and look out along the light. The effect may be better.

(Moscow's new convent in camera)

On the other side of the road is the main building of Moscow University. The Stalin style building, the first of the seven sisters, is 240 meters high and magnificent. In front of the main building is a huge lawn. The symmetrical roads and transverse roads on both sides are in the shape of "mouth", dividing the lawn into several areas. Walk through the store hidden in the dense forest, and follow the empty longitudinal road to the main building of Moscow University. But it's a long way to go.

(the broad Boulevard in front of the viewing platform)

(hidden in the woods)

(this is Wangshan running dead horse, Wanglou running broken leg)

There is no Moscow University in our itinerary. The tour guide only gives you 30 minutes of free time. Therefore, most of the group members visit the flower beds and lawns nearby. The campus of Moscow University is open. Now that it's here, I'd like to have a good time. I said hello to Mr. Ma, that is, I'm going towards the main building.

Walk to the road at the end of the lawn and look up at the building in front of you. The minaret of the main building of Moscow University is 55 meters high. The five pointed star surrounded by ears of wheat on the top and the prospect platform below weigh 12 tons. The four wing buildings around the main building are arranged in meter shape. It is said that the total length of the corridor in the building is more than 33 kilometers, and there are nearly 6000 rooms inside. There are huge clocks, barometers and thermometers on the outside of the four wings. The clock is on the left wing and the thermometer is on the right wing. This kind of circular thermometer is made based on the principle of thermal expansion of solid metal. There is a huge fountain pool in front of the building. There are two roads in front of me and a wide isolation forest belt in the middle. It takes at least five or six minutes to get to the downstairs. It takes 20 minutes to go back and forth with the big lawn. There is no viewing time. Old Ma was anxiously calling me, but all the group members disappeared. He had no choice but to give up the idea of visiting the main building of Moscow University and trot back all the way.

(main building of Moscow University, Stalin style building)

Although time is tight, we still want to take a group photo. Looking around, I saw a Russian girl reading on the bench outside the lawn. In an urgent mood, Ma said hello to her. The girl immediately understood what we meant. She put down her schoolbag and came over to help us take two pictures with a smile. The effect was very good. We thank her again and again.

(reading girl)

Victory Square

Leaving sparrow mountain, we headed for Victory Square. From a long distance in the car, I saw the Arc de Triomphe covered with scaffolding. Han Dao said that the Arc de Triomphe was under repair and it would take at least two months to complete. Behind the Arc de Triomphe is the Victory Square, which was built to commemorate Russia's final victory over the invading enemy; The latter was a complete victory over Hitler and Germany, both of which were formidable military powers at that time. Although time and space are different, the ending is the same. The significance of architecture is to show the world that Russia is an invincible heroic nation.

Shengli square was built in May 1995, covering an area of 135 hectares. On the huge open square, the most eye-catching one is the monument to the goddess of victory. The bronze monument is 141.8 meters high, symbolizing the day and night of 1418 battles in the patriotic war; The triangular body of the tablet is like a sharp sword piercing into the blue sky. It is engraved with relief of various characters and events, representing the heroes and unforgettable battles in the war.

The white arc building behind the monument is the memorial hall of the patriotic war.

(monument to the goddess of victory and Memorial Hall of the Patriotic War)

On the left side of the square, the exquisite and elegant building with golden roof and white wall is the Ever Victorious St. Georgi church. In Russia, Saint Georgi is regarded as the protector of soldiers, herdsmen and farm animals. From Lord Ivan III, the victorious Georgi was depicted as a rider who killed the giant snake with a spear, and became the emblem of Moscow city and the symbol of the Russian state.

Below the monument is a statue of the victorious Georgi holding a spear to kill a poisonous snake. On the lawn on both sides of the monument, two groups of numbers "1941-1945" are spelled out with different plants. The square with five steps in front of the monument symbolizes five years of hard war.

(on the left side of the square, the exquisite and elegant building with golden roof and white wall is the Ever Victorious St. Georgi Church)

On the right side of the square on each floor, there are three fountain pools, each with 15 jets of water. It is said that under the red light at night, these water columns look like the blood of war.

(fountain of Shengli Square)

On the left side of the square on each floor, there are three bronze flag like monuments, and 15 bronze flag like monuments line up along the edge of the square. On the base of each monument are engraved the names of all front armies and fleets of the Soviet Red Army and their commanders during the patriotic war.

(bronze flag Monument)

I understand the Russian people's worship of the saintly Georgi in Victory Square; Suffering and pursuing faith are the invincible root strength of the Russian nation.

On the left side of the entrance to the square stands a sculpture of Soviet Red Army soldiers with rifles on their backs and straddling bullet belts. Behind the sculpture is a group of statues of Soviet Red Army. Behind the soldiers are the Russian tricolor flag and the double headed eagle sign. Because these two sculptures are not closely related to the name of the square, I think they were created in the Soviet era, Now it's changed a little, but the changers may have ignored history.

(tricolor flag and double headed eagle are the symbols of the Russian Army)

Because it's the weekend, young parents take their children to the square to play. More and more young men and women in blue berets and sea sweaters come into the square with blue paratroopers' flags and flowers. It seems that they are going to hold a party. After asking the tour guide, I realized that today is the day of Russian paratroopers. Everyone is celebrating the festival! Han Dao said that the Russians are very hospitable, and we tourists can also join their party and celebrate with them. Little D husband and wife of the same regiment decisively experienced their life, and soon integrated into those powerful paratroopers. Watching them take the vodka handed by the soldiers, they cheered and clinked their glasses, and envied that they didn't keep up with them. But later, on the way to Jinhuan Town, as soon as they got on the bus, they both fell asleep and didn't see the beautiful scenery on the side of the road.

(little boy with air)

(lovely little girl)

(little D and his wife attended the retired paratroopers party)

(ex paratroopers go to Victory Square for a rally)

National nicotine Circus

Leaving the town of Sergeyev at about 4 p.m., as soon as you enter the boundary of Moscow, the clear sky turns into a dark cloud. The bus has entered the streets of the dyke dam of the Moscow river. The boat style building outside the dyke dam in front of us is the Chinese restaurant where we have dinner tonight. It's going to rain. I hope we'd better wait until we get into the restaurant. I didn't expect the rain would come as soon as the car stopped. After getting out of the car, everyone started to run under the eaves, and the rain followed behind. As soon as they hid under the eaves, the rain passed. The humid air is particularly fresh, a few birds around the food shop cruise, a white cruise ship quietly passing, Moscow River is so beautiful! If it wasn't for director Han's urging, we would still be reluctant to leave.

(on the Moscow River, rain follows)

(Moscow River after rain, beautiful and peaceful)

After dinner, some members of the group are going to watch the circus at 13 color Avenue in Moscow（ Москва, Цветной бульвар  13) Built in 1880, this circus is named after the greatest clown star in Russian history. The car took them to the gate of the theater. The roadside at the gate of the theater was already full of carts. It seems that there are a lot of audience. There was an old model car in front of the theater, and nicotine stood by the window. The children scrambled to get on the bus for photos, while the parents gathered around to take photos. On the other side, there are some horses, which are special ponies for people to take photos. I have observed that most of the people who come here to watch the circus are Russians. It can be seen that Russians attach great importance to life taste and artistic cultivation.

(National nicotine circus)

(in front of the national nicotine circus, all the children have to climb into the car to take a picture with nicotine)

(you can ride a horse in front of the national nicotine circus)

After leaving the national nicotine circus, there was another heavy rain on the way. When the car arrived at the hotel, it was clear after the rain. There was a strong smell of vegetation in the surrounding air. We walked along the East Street in front of the hotel, only to find that there are residential buildings deep in the woods beside us. Moscow people are so happy to enjoy such a living environment in the metropolis.

(residential buildings in the woods)

(little Russian girl riding in front of the supermarket)

Visit Red Square

At 9:15 a.m. on August 3, we arrived at the horse training square. From a distance, we can see the bronze horse riding statue of Marshal Zhukov in front of the maroon national history museum building in the center of the square. When he was young, he liked to read biographies of historical figures, including the memoir of World War II "memories and thoughts" written by Marshal Zhukov. He also took a lot of notes seriously, so he had some understanding of the history of Soviet World War II.

(looking at the National Museum of history outside the Tamar Square)

We gather under the bronze statue of Zhukov and listen to the schedule of today's tour. This is also our gathering place. At the junction of the right side of the National Museum of history and the Kremlin, there are many people lining up to visit Lenin's tomb, mostly foreigners.

(Zhukov's horse riding sculpture and visitors queuing behind to visit Lenin's tomb)

On the left side of the National Museum of history, the green top double tower wall in the depression is called Chinatown. Under the city is the Resurrection Gate built in 1535（ Воскресенские ворота）， That's the gate to red square. The tanks, strategic rockets and other heavy weapons in the parade all started from here. The center of the square in front of the revival gate is the center of Moscow. The mileage of all roads in Moscow is calculated from here, and visitors are eager to take photos here.

(Resurrection Gate under Chinese wall)

(the center of geographical indications in Moscow)

Through the resurrection arch in the north of Red Square, you must turn back and have a close look at the magnificent building in crimson. Built in 1872-1883, the museum is the oldest museum in Moscow and was once the site of Moscow University., Its elegant red brick building is towering with silver white spire, and its calm and introverted temperament highlights the Russian architectural style. What is particularly remarkable is that on the top of each ancient tower of the building, there is a gold flashing Russian national emblem sign - double headed eagle. It's unforgettable.

(on the side of the National Museum of history, the one with the green spire and the five pointed red star next to it is Nicolas kayata of the Kremlin.)

National Museum of history after entering Red Square

Next to the National Museum of history is the Kremlin's armory tower, and next to it is the Kremlin's nikolaskaya tower, which is tall and majestic with a green spire and five pointed red star.

(the National Museum of history is adjacent to the Kremlin armory tower and nikolaskaya tower)

Red square means "beautiful square" in ancient Russian. The ground of the square is paved with stones, which is old and solid. In the center of the west side of the red square are Lenin's tomb, the red wall of the Kremlin and the Senate tower. On the upper layer of Lenin's tomb, there is a rostrum. When we go to the south side of Lenin's tomb, in front of the isolation zone of the viewing platform, we can see that between Lenin's tomb and the red wall of the Kremlin, there are tombstones of Stalin and other former Soviet leaders. On the red wall, there are bronze plates and flowers. This area is isolated, with workers cleaning and security personnel on mobile duty.

(Lenin's tomb and the red wall and Senate tower of the Kremlin)

(under the red wall and between Lenin's tomb are tombstones of Soviet celebrities.)

Going south along the red wall, there is also a city tower in the south, which also has a tall and beautiful green top and five pointed red star. However, there are black plates and golden bells hanging on the four side walls of the tower. This is the Kremlin savior tower, and there are soldiers on duty in front of the lower door of the Savior tower. Instead of going down to the tower, we went straight to Vasili slope, which is outside red square.

(the Kremlin savior tower is on the edge of Red Square)

(viewing the Kremlin savior tower from the slope)

Vasili ascension Cathedral stands at the southernmost end of Red Square. It was built in 1555-1561 to commemorate the occupation of Kazan duchy and Astrakhan by the Russian czar. It is known as the outstanding representative of ancient Russian architectural art and the most classic symbol of Moscow. The church is a clever combination of nine churches, eight smaller churches around and a slightly larger one in the middle, forming a group of exquisite architectural groups. The central tower is 47 meters high, surrounded by eight onion shaped domes with different heights, shapes, colors, patterns and decorations. The church is made of red bricks, decorated with white stone components, and the dome is glittering with gold, with bright red, yellow and green. The whole building is permeated with a strong festival atmosphere.

(the Basilica of the ascent of Vassily taken at the slope of Vassily)

Due to the light, we had to walk to the wasiri slope outside the southern end of Red Square to get a satisfactory picture. If we go further south, we will arrive at the Bank of the Moscow river. Because of time, we can't stay too long, let alone visit the interior of Vasili ascension cathedral. We just take two photos on the front of the church and leave.

In front of the Basilica of Vasili, there are statues of minning and pozharski, which commemorate the liberation of Moscow in 1612 when they organized and led the volunteers to defeat the invading Polish army. It can also be seen that the Russian people's understanding of the significance of heroism is based on the struggle for and protection of national independence and freedom.

(in front of Vasili's ascension Cathedral are statues of minning and bozarsky)

(Red Square in front of Vassili's ascension Cathedral)

The northeast side of Vasili's ascension cathedral is surrounded by a circular platform surrounded by stone railings. It is a platform for proclamation, commonly known as the guillotine. In the past, it was a place for preaching and reading out the Czar's orders. At the same time, it was also a place for the execution of prisoners. There were many tourists sitting on the steps to have a rest. It is estimated that those tourists did not know, otherwise they would not sit around there.

(Xuanyu station)

On the east side of the Red Square is Moscow's Gumm national department store, which was built in 1893 and faces the Kremlin across the Red Square. It is more like a palace than a shop. The beige buildings with European classical style and the colorful churches beside it harmoniously form a beautiful scenery on the Red Square.

(gum national department store, Moscow)

After going northward in the direction of Gumm shopping mall, the red wall and golden roof, white frame and light blue multi-storey dome windows on the north side of Gumm shopping mall, the small and beautiful building is the orthodox Moscow Cathedral of Notre Dame. In 1936, because the Soviet Union was preparing for a military parade in red square, the church was demolished by Stalin. The present Cathedral of Notre Dame in Kazan was rebuilt in 1993, just like the original church.

(rebuilt Cathedral of Notre Dame in Kazan, Moscow)

In the souvenir shop in front of the exit of Red Square, the group members were buying all kinds of military caps from the Soviet Union. We also tried on some of them. At that time, we didn't think it was worthwhile to buy them. When we came back, we had some regrets. If we go again, we must take photos.

(there is a small shopping mall selling souvenirs at the exit of Red Square)

It took us more than an hour to turn around red square and come out from the Resurrection Gate. There are still many people waiting to take photos at the origin of Moscow. The red brick and white top building on the left side of Fuxingmen depression is very similar to the style of the history museum. It used to be the Moscow City Duma building, and later became the Lenin Museum. Now it is the branch of the National History Museum (the Museum of the war of defending the country in 1812) Музе?й Оте?чественной войны?  one thousand eight hundred and twelve го?да)。 Because the front of the building was narrow, I couldn't take a full picture of it without a wide-angle mirror. I wanted to walk a few more steps to the west, but was blocked by the old horse. Looking back, I couldn't see the group members, so I had to turn around and walk to Alexandria garden.

(next to the National Museum of history, the building with similar architectural style is the Moscow City Duma building)

(Moscow City Duma building is now a branch of the National Museum of History)

(viewing the National Museum of history from the Duma building in Moscow)

(looking at the horse training square at the Duma building in Moscow city)

Alexander Garden

Through the statue of Zhukov, through the iron gate under the armory tower, we come to the tomb of the unknown martyr in the upper garden of Alexandria garden. In 1967, to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the victory of the Moscow campaign, a monument, the tomb of the unknown martyrs, was built under the wall of the Kremlin, where the remains of the unknown soldiers of the Red Army who died 41 kilometers along Leningrad road in the Moscow campaign in 1941 are buried. On the red marble tombstone, there is a low black flag. Next to the black helmet, the golden military emblem shines. The bronze inscription reads: "although no one knows your name, your achievements will last forever.". Beside the tomb of the unknown martyr, there is an ever burning fire from the battlefield of Leningrad. Since 1993, the monument sentry has been set up as No.1 sentry, holding a solemn guard of honor every hour.

(Tomb of unknown martyr)

(Tomb of unknown martyr)

Walking through the tomb of the unknown martyr, you can see that there is a culvert similar to the war site under the arsennayata in the middle of the Kremlin Wall. There are two white stone beasts lying above the hole. The hole is in the shape of a semicircular arch, composed of red brick and black granite, with white marble doors and four columns inside. This is the "vestige" built in 1841. The black stones inlaid in the red wall are the remnants of Moscow houses burned down by Napoleon's army. They are real vestiges.

(cave building of "site")

Not far from the cave building of the "ruins", there is an obelisk. This obelisk is made of gray Finnish granite. It was originally a monument to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the birth of the Romanov Dynasty. It is engraved with the names of Romanov family members and the badges of the principalities, Russian Empire States and regions. After the October Revolution, it was reformed and replaced by the name of outstanding revolutionist and thinker. In 1966, the obelisk was moved to its present position.

(cave building of "site" and monument engraved with the name of revolutionist to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the birth of Romanov Dynasty)

The statue in the flower bed in front of the cave building square of the "ruins" is the Mosca cremlino ermogene Patriarca Memorial built in 2012 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the martyrdom of Hermogenes, bishop of Moscow and holy martyr of the Orthodox Church.

(the monument of the Russian Israeli patriarch in Alexandria garden and the cave building of the red wall "site" of the Kremlin)

Alexandria garden has a beautiful environment with shady green trees. Beside the avenue, there are Linden, maple, blue spruce and other trees; The lawn is planted with ornamental shrubs, such as clove, jasmine, thick plum, acacia, and hawthorn, which blossom in different seasons; There are also colorful flower beds composed of tulips and roses in the garden, and many Muscovites take a rest and walk in the shade of trees. We also took a break here, waiting to visit the Kremlin.

(Alexandria garden)

The Kremlin

Our team's scheduled time to visit the Kremlin is 11:00 noon. Director Han will take you to the sightseeing entrance on time, upstairs of kutafia tower. Kutafiata is the only surviving bridgehead in the Kremlin. It serves as the task of protecting the bridge from the fortress. After passing the strict security check, it arrives at the Troy bridge. The tall and majestic tower opposite the bridge is the Holy Trinity tower. Through this tower, you can enter the Kremlin.

(Kremlin sightseeing entrance, kutafia tower)

(the Troy bridge behind the tower of kutafia. The tall and majestic tower opposite the bridge is the tower of Trinity.)

The Kremlin is the historical treasure and pride of the Russian nation and one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. It was built in the middle of the 12th century. In the 15th century, when Ivan III, the Duke of Moscow, took shape, it gradually expanded. In the middle of the 16th century, it became the palace of the czar. In the 17th century, it gradually lost the nature of the castle and became the central building complex of Moscow. The complex is composed of two groups of ancient buildings: the palace and the church, covering three parts: the triangle square, the Cathedral Square and the eastern administrative center.

Walking into the Kremlin, the first thing you can see is the Kremlin auditorium. This magnificent building with white ural marble and glass structure has the characteristics of modern architecture and traditional Russian architectural style. The golden double headed eagle national emblem is hung high in the middle of the building. Although the auditorium built in 1960 is very magnificent, it is not in harmony with the surrounding ancient buildings.

(Kremlin auditorium built in Khrushchev's time)

Across the road, the Yellow two-story building is the armory hall. In front of the armory hall are many old guns. Han Dao only briefly introduced the history of the armory hall. He knew that the inside is the headquarters of the Kremlin bodyguard, so he didn't show us around.

(the armory is also home to the headquarters of the Kremlin Bodyguard)

Walk along the Kremlin auditorium and head for the triangle square. The triangular, yellow three story building opposite the square is the Russian presidential palace.

(the yellow three story building is the Russian presidential palace)

On the right side of the road, there are 14 bronze cannons of the 17th and 18th centuries.

After walking through these weapons, you can see the famous cannon king. It is said that the cannon was built in 1540 and completed in 1586, with eight tsars in the middle, but it has not been used yet. To tell you the truth, I doubt whether I can use it, but it's a beautiful handicraft.

(exquisite giant cannon king)

The white wall behind the cannon king, the church with golden eaves and silver onion roofs, the Church of the twelve apostles, was severely damaged when the Bolsheviks shelled the Kremlin in October 1917. Later, it was restored and turned into an applied art museum. Few of the original murals have been preserved.

(the Church of the twelve apostles in the Kremlin)

Not far from the gun king is displayed the bell king, which was cast in 1735 by more than 200 Russian craftsmen for two years. It is said that in order to get the best timbre at that time, in addition to copper and tin, several kilograms of gold and silver were added. The 200 ton clock is engraved with reliefs, portraits and inscriptions. Unfortunately, a fire broke out when it was finished, and consumers poured water on the clock when they put out the fire. As a result, it has become what it is now and can only be displayed as an antique.

(the little girl is not as tall as the fragments of Zhong Wang.)

Behind the bell king is the tower of Ivan the great, which was built in 1508. Because it is too high, we can only see its full view by turning to the cathedral square behind the tower. It is said that Napoleon stormed into the Kremlin and tied his horses here. When he retreated, he wanted to destroy the clock tower, but not all the explosives exploded. The clock tower of Ivan the great was miraculously preserved. The nearby bell tower of the resurrection of the Virgin Mary (Herald) was built 30 years later than the tower of Ivan the great. This 64 ton bell of the resurrection of the Virgin Mary (Herald) will ring three times every time the Tsar dies to show his mourning. The green spire bell tower on the side is the philatellite bell built in 1624.

(Ivan the great bell tower, Notre Dame resurrection bell tower and philatelet Bell)

There are 22 big clocks and more than 30 small clocks in the tower of Ivan the great. It's very spectacular. When the ancient bell rings, you can hear it for tens of miles. Of course, it's hard for us tourists to hear it.

(side view of Ivan's bell tower)

Han guide led us through the Cathedral Square, into the north side of the Notre Dame Cathedral visit. The cathedral is regarded as the mother church of Moscow duchy. No matter from the perspective of religious or historical value, the Cathedral of the Virgin Mary's ascension is the most important church in Russia. From 1547 to 1896, the coronation ceremony of successive Russian monarchs was solemnly held here. At the same time, most of the patriarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church and the bishops of Moscow were also buried here.

(ascension Cathedral of the virgin in the Kremlin)

On the west side of the church square, the white square building facing the Notre Dame is the Duoleng palace（ ГрановитаяПалата）， Apart from the church, it is the only existing building in the Kremlin built during the reign of Ivan III. The strict proportion and cubic volume make duolenggong beautiful, concise and clear. Duolenggong is named after the white stone cut into tetrahedron on the front (East) exterior wall. The throne of former Russian emperors, such as Peter the great, was set up here. It is the hall for holding grand ceremonies and receiving foreign envoys. Now it is the reception desk of the president's official residence. It is said that Napoleon once stood on the external stairs of the polygon palace to watch the fire in Moscow.

(the Kremlin's polygonal Palace)

On the south side of Duoleng palace is the Church of the holy virgin（ Благовещенский Собор）， Also known as the Cathedral of Notre Dame. It has nine golden domes, and the nine domes of the church symbolize the image of the queen of the church in heaven, the most holy virgin, which is composed of nine angels and nine righteous people in heaven. Therefore, despite its small scale, Notre Dame church is the most attractive. It is the personal Chapel of the Czar, the place where royal weddings are held and the prince is baptized. The statue wall inside the church is one of the oldest in Russia. It is made up of icons from the 14th to 19th centuries. Prayer row and festival row should be from 14th century to 15th century. The central images of the prayer row (Christ, Virgin Mary, John the prophet and Paul the Apostle) are of great historical and artistic value. It is no exaggeration to say that they are all valuable.

(the most holy Notre Dame in the Kremlin)

Archangel church is one of the oldest Russian churches. It was built for Archangel Michael, who is the patron of Russian Archduke. In 1333, it was a wooden church, which was built in 1508 and is now a modern church. Despite the war, the main body of the building has not been moved. Angel cathedral is also the cemetery of Russian Archduke and czar. From 1540 to 1700, 52 archduke or czar including Ivan I and Ivan Reid were buried here.

(Archangel Church in the Kremlin)

After visiting the two churches in succession, I was a little tired. I heard that the archangel church was mainly the coffin of the Tsars. So we asked not to visit the church with the group. As there was no team tour project behind, Han Dao readily agreed and gave us a general idea of the route and scenic spots to visit freely.

Cross the road to the south of Notre Dame church and look west. The white three story building next to Notre Dame church is the Kremlin Palace; At the end of the road, the tower with red walls and green spires and dark red five pointed stars is the tower of bolovitskaya. The tower, 54.05 meters high, guards the gate to the courtyard, which holds half of the country's economic lifeline.

(the great palace of the Kremlin and the tower of the prophet in the distance)

Standing in the guardrail of the road and looking around, the south red wall and secret tower of the Kremlin are under the slope protection; Outside the red wall, there are white cruise ships passing by from time to time on the beautiful Moscow river; In the distance above the trees, the city tower with red walls and green spires and dark red five pointed stars is the water supply tower in the southwest corner of the Kremlin; Further away, several golden domed churches are the highest Orthodox Church in Moscow, the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour.

(the south red wall and secret tower of the Kremlin and the beautiful Moscow River)

(water supply tower in the southwest corner of the Kremlin (svibrova tower) and Christ's Savior Cathedral in the distance)

Walk along the road in the south red wall of the Kremlin to the East. After passing the archangel church, you can see a quiet and beautiful garden. Tall Tilia trees are planted on the green lawn. The dense branches and leaves form the shade of trees. There are wooden benches under the shade. In the center of the garden is a flower bed with symmetrical patterns composed of red, white and yellow flowers. At noon in the hot summer in Moscow, it's really a place for immortals to stay!

We had a rest in the garden for a while, and it was almost time for us to gather. The garden was on the east side of the triangle square, facing the bell tower of Ivan the great and the buildings on the Cathedral Square. Under the blue sky and white clouds, the tall white stone buildings and the golden roof were resplendent, just like being in the divine world. A kind of holy and soul shaking beauty came into being.

(triangle square of the Kremlin and the tower and church complex of Ivan the great opposite)

Following the white line on the ground, we walked through the triangle square and left the Kremlin by the way.

(Troy bridge and kutafiata, the entrance to the Kremlin opposite)

(Alexandria garden, lower garden, south facing from Troy bridge)

According to the itinerary, we also have a free activity to visit Gumm department store in red square. The guide leads you down from the exit of kutafiata and straight to red square via Sima fountain. When I passed the tomb of the unknown martyr, it was time for the ceremony. As soon as I got into the crowd, the soldiers came slowly. I held up my camera and wanted to record it. Little D, a group friend beside me, gave me the front position. When the ceremony was over, I found that I didn't record it. It was a waste of the group friend's good intentions and I felt very sorry. Fortunately, Lao Ma also recorded it, I'm not depressed all the way to the end.

(SIMA fountain)

(Alexandria garden on the way to the tomb of the unknown martyr)

(the highlight of the change ceremony was not filmed)

Gumm department store

When we arrived at the Gumm department store, the group members disappeared. When we entered the store and came to the famous central fountain on the first floor, we were greatly disappointed. The fountain itself is not big, and it is basically surrounded by people from the third world, and these men and women do not mean to leave at all. Moscow people like to say "see you by the fountain" when dating, which mostly refers to these people. If anyone says that the quality of Chinese people abroad is poor, it is that they have never been abroad.

(the fountain in Gumm shopping mall is occupied by tourists, but not always Chinese)

It was more than one o'clock at noon. We were hungry. There happened to be an ice cream cart behind the fountain. We went to buy two ice cream. The little girl sold them to us and closed the stall. I don't know if they were out of stock? It's time to get off work. It is estimated that it is mostly the latter.

(in Gumm mall)

(after the ice cream was sold to us, the salesperson disappeared and was not afraid that the car would be pushed away.)

(beauties can be seen everywhere in Gumm shopping mall)

Gumm mall is very big, but we don't plan to buy anything. We sit on the armchair in the aisle and take photos of the beautiful women passing by.

Before it was time to gather, the members of the group gathered consciously. Everyone was hungry. It was already 1:40 noon when we followed the troops out of Gumm shopping mall.

(North view of the west gate of Gumm mall)

(looking south from the west gate of the Gumm shopping mall, you can see the Qiaoshan Cathedral, the National Museum of history and the Kremlin nikolaskaya tower.)

Visit Moscow Metro

Mayakovsky metro station is the most famous station in Moscow Metro City system. It is the first deep slope cylindrical three span station in the world. It does not use the traditional hanger structure, but uses the cylindrical structure itself to combine the station hall with the combined driving tunnel, and supports the vault of the hall by the column. So as to achieve the unity of height, volume and color.

(Mayakovsky subway station is on the side of Mayakovsky Square)

(the subway is very deep. It's the same as the elevator up and down the mountain at Huangguoshu waterfall, but it's 80 years away.)

(Mayakovsky metro station platform)

The line wall of the station hall is decorated with marble above and diorite below. The supporting column is covered with aviation corrugated stainless steel (this is the first time that stainless steel has been used in decoration); The ground is paved with white marble and gray granite; There are 34 oval grooves with lights on the ceiling. In the center of the grooves are mosaic paintings inlaid with colored glass. The theme of these paintings is "Soviet state day", which shows the happy life of the Soviet people through such time points as national construction, field work, blooming garden, fruit ripening, planes and wheelbarrows busy day and night. At the entrance of the station in the morning, walk to the center through the day and evening, and the pictures at night are placed in the center of the station.

With this unique architectural design, Mayakovsky metro station soon gained international fame. In 1938, he won the competition prize at the international exhibition held in New York.

(34 oval grooves with lights on the ceiling)

(mosaic painting with stained glass inlay in the center of wall groove)

The waiting time of Moscow metro is very short. Before long, Han Dao led us to board a train. Maybe it is because of the dense number of trains. The passengers on Moscow metro are not crowded. Speed is very fast, two stops, we get off with the guide to the theater station.

(take Moscow metro train to theater Metro Station)

The theater subway station is 33.9 meters deep. It is a cylindrical three span station with deep inclined beam. The designer is the famous architectural academician I А.  Foming (1871-1936), one of the founders of the "neoclassicism" style of the Soviet Union, completed the design of the theater subway station. After his death, student L М.  Poliyakov completed the project.

The arch of the central hall of the subway station of the theater is newly erected, with sculptured porcelain relief, and embedded in the rhombic concave lattice. The theme of the sculpture is "art of the Soviet people". Gilded ceramic sculptures depict people's representatives from the Soviet Republic in national costumes, dancing and playing national musical instruments. Since no porcelain sculpture of this size has been cast anywhere in the world, a ceramic factory in Leningrad developed a new casting technology to prepare these reliefs.

(for the first time, the porcelain relief of sculpture is used and embedded in the rhombic concave lattice)

(Theatre subway station)

From the theater subway station, we came to the revolution square station. How to build a tall station worthy of its name? Designers thought of building a gallery of revolution winners and new life forms. Bronze revolutionary figures, workers, peasants, students, soldiers and sailors, were placed in the grooves of the arch. There was a great debate at that time about how they were represented as the glorious past and the bright future of the country, and whether they were represented by circular sculpture or relief sculpture. Finally, it was Stalin who made the decision. His opinion was: "just like living, just like living...". So the sculpture of the station was built as we see it now.

(revolution square subway station of Moscow Metro)

Now, in the subway station of revolution square, Muscovites are used to touching the nose of a dog led by a soldier when passing by. It is said that this will bring good luck, and the whole day will be smooth; If you touch the legs of female students, you can get love; People used to like to touch the pencils of young inventors and the guns of revolutionary sailors. Now no one touches them. Of course, we have to keep pace with the times, so we all scrambled to touch the dog's shiny nose.

(touching a dog's nose can bring good luck)

From the station of revolution square to the station of Arbat street, we have finished our visit to Moscow subway. When I walked out of this underground palace, I was deeply touched. In the 1930s, the Russians were able to complete such a large project. Even today, Moscow metro is not inferior to any modern and advanced city in the world.

arbat street

Arbat street is the last scenic spot of our trip in Moscow. It's completely free. Han Dao takes us to the McDonald's restaurant near the exit of the subway station, which is the west end of albard street and our gathering place. After talking about the precautions, the group members break up and move freely. Pushkin's former residence is not far from the east of McDonald's. The blue building is the Museum of Pushkin's former residence. Opposite Pushkin's former residence stands a bronze sculpture by the poet and Natalia. It was specially cast in 1999 to commemorate Pushkin's 200th birthday. Not only tourists, I see many Russians taking pictures under the statue.

(Pushkin's former residence Museum)

(in 1999, a statue of Mr. and Mrs. Pushkin was specially cast to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Pushkin's birth)

Not far from Pushkin's former residence, there is a shop selling various kinds of souvenirs. The shop has a large area and a wide variety of products. After we went in, the merchants didn't take the initiative to greet us, which was very good, so that we could enjoy all kinds of Russian handicrafts quietly. Generally, the goods here don't bargain, because director Zhang said that the souvenirs in St. Petersburg are good and cheap, so we didn't plan to buy them here. We just want to have a look and enjoy them.

(amber in Arts and crafts store)

(beautiful handicraft)

Walking in albard street, you can't feel the simplicity and tradition. The roadside is mostly painting and calligraphy stalls, and there are a bunch of oil paintings, prints and sketches for sale along the street. In the center of the road, there are painters waving ink in public to paint for pedestrians and tourists. We wanted to buy one or two paintings to keep as a souvenir. We thought it was inconvenient to carry them, so we gave up.

(picture stand on albard Street)

(painters on albard street can draw a sketch)

In the middle of albard st